Q10 Stone/Concrete/Brick Kerbs/Edgings/Channels

CONSIDER:
• Cement Substitution See E10.
• Aggregate Substitution See E10.
• Car park marking reinstated to maximise efficiency of car park layout.

Q20 Granular Sub-Bases To Roads/Pavings

CONSIDER:
• Aggregate Substitution See E10
• Using all sub-bases as SUDS SUstainable Drainage Systems, using MOT type 1 with no fines material. It creates a large capacity to hold rain water and river flood water and store for reuse or to percolate into subsoil.
It also harbour beneficials bacteria on large surface area of stones/concrete etc. to digest oils and petrol spills and other bacteria from bird and dog poo, etc.

RECYCLE:
• Masonry not suitable for reuse.
• Crushed as Hardcore below roads and hardstandings.
• Crushed glass in mix with recycled road asphalt, in sub-bases.
• Recycled demolition rubble or concrete, masonry or road plannings as road sub bases.

AVOID:
• Virgin Aggregates and avoid Aggregates Levy
• Sending demolition masonry and concrete away from site to landfill and avoid landfill tax.

Q21 In Situ Concrete Roads/Pavings/Bases

CONSIDER:
• Cement Substitution See E10.
• Aggregate Substitution See E10.
• Car park marking reinstated to maximise efficiency of car park layout.
• Rounded aggregate and exposing rounded aggregate by brushing away matrix before setting.

AVOID:
• Virgin Aggregates and avoid Aggregates Levy

Q22 Coated Macadam/Asphalt Roads/Pavings

CONSIDER:
• Porous pavings in all cases with SUDS and water capacity below the paving. See Q20.

RECYCLE:
• Recycled aggregates in road construction.
• Recycled road planings in road construction.
• Crushed glass in mix with recycled road asphalt, used in sub-bases See Q20.

Q24 Interlocking Brick/Block Roads/Pavings

CONSIDER:
• Porous pavings in all cases.
• FSC approved timber sources and timber based materials. See Z10.

RECYCLE:
• Recycled glass pavings.
• Crushed glass-sand under pavings .

Q25 Slab/Brick/Sett/Cobble Pavings

CONSIDER:
• Porous pavings in all cases.
• FSC approved timber sources and timber based materials. See Z10.

RECYCLE:
• Recycled glass pavings.
• Crushed glass-sand under pavings .

Q26 Special Surfacings/Pavings For Sport/General Amenity

CONSIDER:
• Recyled rubber sports / play matting.

Q27 Timber Decking

CONSIDER:
• Prefabricated deck panels to reduce waste.
• FSC approved timber sources and timber based materials. See Z10.
• Recylced plastic 'timber substitute'.

AVOID:
• Indonesian hardwood - most is illegally logged, destroys forests, communities and habitat.

Q28 Topsoiling

RECYCLE:
COMPOSTING
• Setting up a composting area throughout the contract duration.
• Separate grass, leaves, twig, wood.
• The period the contract runs is probably sufficient to compost down any surplus from site stripping,
3 months is normal composting time, longer in winter.
• Rake grass areas and add leaves to compost area.
• Cut grass and add to separate compost area.
• Tree trimming, shrubs, hedges, etc. to be cleared, could be cut and/or grubbed up and added to composting.
• Cut and Crush twig and wood, add grass to twig and wood.
• Damaged turf or scraps can be added to composting area.
• Add compost to topsoil, or add compost to subsoil to make topsoil.

TOPSOIL:
• Topsoil may have value on or off site ideally locally.
• Strip back topsoil and limit size of stockpile, plant wild flowers to discourage weed uptake.
• CONSIDER laying turf over topsoil stockpiles.

HARD PAVING:
• Recycle demolished building masonry as hardcore.
• Recycle paving and hardcore on site in sub-bases to new pedestrian pavements.
• Recycle granite sett paving found under tarmac.

RECYCLE:
• Masonry not suitable for reuse.
• Crushed further as soil substitute in planters and green roofs.
• Crushed glass as glass-sand in top soil and sand-pits.

SUBSOIL:
• Excavated soil from foundations, basements, services and drains is a significant percentage of Waste leaving sites.
• Excavated soil to be used on site:
- Spread subsoil over site and cover with topsoil.
- Excavate and stockpile clay for use as puddled clay waterproofing to basements or ponds.
• Using subsoil associated with part buried buildings as a thermal store over the summer to release heat to the building in the winter.
• Add Insulation over the top of the soil and beyond to trap the heat, but don’t insulate the walls or the floor of the building to allow it to pass through into soil or into building.
• Check on ground water flows over 12 month cycle as this can take the heat away.
• Swimming pools and surround in ground can be used to store heat from summer over to the winter in the same way.

AVOID:
• Exporting subsoil from site, use on site or make available to Employer for use on site.
• Exporting topsoil from site, make available to Employer for use on site.
• Exporting hardcore or paving from re-routed pavements to be grubbed up.
• Importing subsoil from off site.
• Importing topsoil from off site.
• Importing hardcore from off site.

Q30 Seeding/Turfing

CONSIDER:
• Importing wild flower and meadow grass turf from sites being cleared.
• Storing on topsoil stockpile until ready for use or delivery/collection.
• Stripping back topsoil and limiting size of stockpile. Plant wild flowers to discourage weed uptake.
• Laying turf over topsoil stockpiles.
• Relaying turf on site.
• Use indigenous species of grass.

RECYCLE:
WILD TURF:
• Before stripping grass and topsoil check wild flower and wild grass content of grass.
• Grass or topsoil as a potentially valuable material especially if containing wild flowers or meadow grasses.
• Old or neglected site’s biodiversity can be maintained, enhanced or put to use on or off site.
• Grass turf with a mix of wild flowers and grasses may be offered for reuse off-site via an appropriate Website.
• Post notice on appropriate website for potential sale of turf.
• Collect seeds, sort, dry and store.
• Cut and store turf on topsoil stockpile until ready for use or delivery/collection.
• Surplus or damaged or inferior turf to be composted.

Q31 Planting

CONSIDER:
• Alternatives for the roof drainage is to use inverted green roofs which store water on the roof within the soil, reservoir layer and within the plants themselves, taking some of the burden from the drainage systems in surge conditions.
• Birch and Beech are suitable where young children are present, nothing harmful to eat.
• Biodiversity: use indigenous species plants to support indigenous insects, birds and wild life.

Q40 Fencing

CONSIDER:
• FSC approved timber sources and timber based materials. See Z10.
• Use durable species.
• Use trees cut down on site.
• Screening to car parks, service yards, bin stores.
• Recyled plastic 'wood' fencing and gates.

RECYCLE:
• Recycled aggregates in road construction.
• Recycled road planings in road construction.
• Crushed glass in mix with recycled road asphalt, used in sub-bases See Q20.

AVOID:
• Indonesian hardwood - most is illegally logged, destroys forests, communities and habitat.
• CCA (Copper Chrome Arsenic) Treated softwood, (Banned in domestic situations). See Z12.
• Creosote in all building types, (Banned in domestic situations).
• Preservative treatment of timbers altogether if not essential.
• Virgin plastics.

Q50 Site/Street Furniture/Equipment

CONSIDER:
• Make provision for cyclists, secure and covered bike storage.
• Timber street furniture, use trees cleared from site.
• External Picnic areas:
- Numerous bins or multi compartments to segregate waste before going into Municipal waste collection systems
• Multi-storey housing/flats without chutes or without communal bin stores.
• External recycling centre.
• Composting, Soil improvement.
• Community Organic Recycling: compost for allotments.
• Vertical home grown food.
• Provide Bin hard standing and enclosure adjacent to building or at kerbside if remote.
• Durable materials in preference to paints requiring maintenance:
- Austenitic stainless steel See Z113
- Galvanized steel See Z111
- Aluminium See Z112
- Anodized aluminium See Z33
• Using fine-crushed glass-sand for sandpits.
• Using recycled plastic and rubber bollards in car parks.
• Using recycled plastic 'timber' based products.

RECYCLE:
• Recycled glass pavings.
• Crushed glass-sand under pavings .

AVOID:
• Indonesian hardwood - most is illegally logged, destroys forests, communities and habitat.
• PVC See Z50
• Virgin plastics, See Z50
• Avoid smokers shelters near the edge of buildings with methane gas venting from site backfill, venting to their perimeters.

Q Paving/Planting/Fencing/Site Furniture

Contents

Q10 Stone/Concrete/Brick Kerbs/Edgings/Channels

Q20 Granular Sub-Bases To Roads/Pavings

Q21 In Situ Concrete Roads/Pavings/Bases

Q22 Coated Macadam/Asphalt Roads/Pavings

Q24 Interlocking Brick/Block Roads/Pavings

Q25 Slab/Brick/Sett/Cobble Pavings

Q26 Special Surfacings/Pavings For Sport/General Amenity

Q27 Timber Decking

Q28 Topsoiling

Q30 Seeding/Turfing

Q31 Planting

Q40 Fencing

Q50 Site/Street Furniture/Equipment